{"identifier":"CVE-2025-34457","cve":{"id":"CVE-2025-34457","description":"wb2osz/direwolf (Dire Wolf) versions up to and including 1.8.1, prior to commit 694c954, contain a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the function kiss_rec_byte() located in src/kiss_frame.c. When processing crafted KISS frames that reach the maximum allowed frame length (MAX_KISS_LEN), the function appends a terminating FEND byte without reserving sufficient space in the stack buffer. This results in an out-of-bounds write followed by an out-of-bounds read during the subsequent call to kiss_unwrap(), leading to stack memory corruption or application crashes. This vulnerability may allow remote unauthenticated attackers to trigger a denial-of-service condition.","published":"2025-12-22T22:16:04.493000+00:00","modified":"2026-10-29T21:17:04.743000+00:00","status":"Deferred","score":8.7,"severity":"HIGH","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X","cvss_version":"4.0","affected":[],"weaknesses":["CWE-121"],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/marlinkcyber/advisories/blob/main/advisories/MCSAID-2025-010-direwolf-stack-buffer-overflow-kiss-frame.md","source":"disclosure@vulncheck.com"},{"url":"https://github.com/wb2osz/direwolf/commit/694c954","source":"disclosure@vulncheck.com"},{"url":"https://github.com/wb2osz/direwolf/issues/617","source":"disclosure@vulncheck.com"},{"url":"https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/wb2osz-direwolf-stack-based-buffer-overflow-dos","source":"disclosure@vulncheck.com"}],"kev":null,"kev_checked":true,"metrics":{"cvssMetricV40":[{"source":"disclosure@vulncheck.com","type":"Secondary","cvssData":{"version":"4.0","vectorString":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X","baseScore":8.7,"baseSeverity":"HIGH","attackVector":"NETWORK","attackComplexity":"LOW","attackRequirements":"NONE","privilegesRequired":"NONE","userInteraction":"NONE","vulnConfidentialityImpact":"NONE","vulnIntegrityImpact":"NONE","vulnAvailabilityImpact":"HIGH","subConfidentialityImpact":"NONE","subIntegrityImpact":"NONE","subAvailabilityImpact":"NONE","exploitMaturity":"NOT_DEFINED","confidentialityRequirement":"NOT_DEFINED","integrityRequirement":"NOT_DEFINED","availabilityRequirement":"NOT_DEFINED","modifiedAttackVector":"NOT_DEFINED","modifiedAttackComplexity":"NOT_DEFINED","modifiedAttackRequirements":"NOT_DEFINED","modifiedPrivilegesRequired":"NOT_DEFINED","modifiedUserInteraction":"NOT_DEFINED","modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact":"NOT_DEFINED","modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact":"NOT_DEFINED","modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact":"NOT_DEFINED","modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact":"NOT_DEFINED","modifiedSubIntegrityImpact":"NOT_DEFINED","modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact":"NOT_DEFINED","Safety":"NOT_DEFINED","Automatable":"NOT_DEFINED","Recovery":"NOT_DEFINED","valueDensity":"NOT_DEFINED","vulnerabilityResponseEffort":"NOT_DEFINED","providerUrgency":"NOT_DEFINED"}}],"ssvcV203":[{"source":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","ssvcData":{"timestamp":"2025-12-22T21:53:46.294245Z","id":"CVE-2025-34457","options":[{"exploitation":"none"},{"automatable":"yes"},{"technicalImpact":"partial"}],"role":"CISA Coordinator","version":"2.0.3"}}]},"configurations":[],"source":"nvd","retrieved_at":"2026-10-29T23:57:54.572923+00:00","exploited":false,"kev_stale":false,"products":[],"priority":{"label":"Assess exposure and vendor guidance","reasons":["No higher-priority signal is available in the current stored evidence."]},"epss":{"probability":0.00509,"percentile":0.43354,"date":"2026-10-29","stale":false},"version_assessment":null},"news":[],"campaigns":[],"domains":[{"domain":"github.com","source_url":"https://github.com/marlinkcyber/advisories/blob/main/advisories/MCSAID-2025-010-direwolf-stack-buffer-overflow-kiss-frame.md","investigate_url":"https://investigate.aeglixmind.com/#github.com"},{"domain":"www.vulncheck.com","source_url":"https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/wb2osz-direwolf-stack-based-buffer-overflow-dos","investigate_url":"https://investigate.aeglixmind.com/#www.vulncheck.com"}],"arsenal_url":"https://arsenal.aeglixmind.com/?cve=CVE-2025-34457","catalog_url":"https://cves.aeglixmind.com/cve/CVE-2025-34457","research_url":"https://investigate.aeglixmind.com/research/cve/CVE-2025-34457","coverage":{"news_candidates_checked":0,"campaign_candidates_checked":0,"bounded":false,"notice":"Exact CVE mentions in stored public excerpts and reviewed campaign content only. A mention is not proof of exploitation, attribution or tool suitability. Missing matches do not establish absence."}}